Mr. Pascal Affi N'Guessan was born in 1953 in Bouadikro, Bongouanou. From 1969 to 1973, he attended the Technical High School of Abidjan. Subsequently, he obtained a Diploma in Telecommunications Engineering from the National School of Posts and Telecommunications (ENSPT) from 1975 to 1977.

Afterwards, Mr. Affi N'Guessan went to France to continue his studies. He served as the Director of Studies and Internships at the National School of Posts and Telecommunications from April 1989 to February 1993. He then became the Personal Advisor to the Regional Director of CI-Télécom in Bouaké from February 1993 to July 1997. From July 1997 to January 2000, he held the position of Head of the Operations and Quality of Service Department at Côte d'Ivoire Télécom.

Former Mayor of the Bongouanou municipality from 1990 to 1996 and Vice-President of the Union of Cities and Municipalities of Côte d'Ivoire from 1990 to 1995, Mr. Pascal Affi N'Guessan joined the National Leadership of the Ivorian Popular Front (FPI) in 1990 and became the President of several Congresses and Conventions of the Party.

He served as the Minister of Tourism in General Robert Guéi's transitional government and later became the campaign director for the presidential candidate in 2000.

Afterwards, he became the Deputy Secretary-General of the Ivorian Popular Front (FPI) and the Campaign Director for Laurent Gbagbo in the 2000 presidential election.

Appointed Prime Minister on October 27, 2000, after Laurent Gbagbo's election as president, he later became the President of the Ivorian Popular Front (FPI), which was in power at that time. Following the 2010 presidential election and Laurent Gbagbo's arrest, he was placed under house arrest on April 13, 2011, under the protection of UNOCI at the Pergolas Hotel in Abidjan. On April 22, after giving an interview to the media, he was transferred by the FRCI to the Golf Hotel, Alassane Ouattara's headquarters. The next day, his statement on the country's situation, made on behalf of the FPI and critical of the new regime, was made public. From there, he was transferred to Bouna in the northern part of the country, under the command of Com-zone Morou Ouattara, where he was detained along with other sympathizers of President Gbagbo and Gbagbo's son, Michel Gbagbo. In a video posted on YouTube, he was seen doing push-ups under the orders of the prison chief in Bouna. This video sparked outrage among pro-Gbagbo supporters and Amnesty International.

On August 5, 2013, he, along with 13 other pro-Gbagbo detainees, including the son of the former president, Michel Gbagbo, was granted provisional release.

On December 29, 2014, the Ivorian justice system invalidated Laurent Gbagbo's candidacy for the 2015 presidential election following a complaint filed by Pascal Affi N'Guessan. On April 3, 2015, the Ivorian justice system confirmed Pascal Affi N'Guessan in his position as the president of the FPI and prohibited Aboudramane Sangaré and his supporters (including Simone and Michel Gbagbo) from using the name and logo of the party.

On October 25, 2015, he came in second in the presidential election with 9.2% of the votes, as the incumbent President Alassane Ouattara won in the first round.

On June 11, 2020, he announced his candidacy for the 2020 presidential election. On August 27, 2020, Pascal Affi N'Guessan officially declared his candidacy for the presidential election scheduled for October 31, 2020.

The opposition called for a boycott of the October presidential election and established the National Transition Council, which sought "a return to constitutional legality" and the "organization of fair, transparent, and inclusive elections." Pascal Affi N'Guessan was appointed spokesperson for the NTC. As the army surrounded the homes of opposition figures or arrested them, Affi N'Guessan went into hiding. On November 7, 2020, Pascal Affi N'Guessan was arrested. He was accused by the prosecutor of "conspiracy against the authority of the state," "insurrectional movement," "assassination," and "acts of terrorism." He was granted provisional release on December 30, 2020.

In April 2023, Pascal Affi N'Guessan announced his candidacy, under the FPI label, for the regional council of Moronou in the September 2023 regional elections. Affi N'Guessan subsequently formed an alliance with the Rally of Houphouëtists for Democracy and Peace (RHDP) led by President Alassane Ouattara. However, he was defeated by Véronique Aka (PDCI), who secured 62.9% of the votes.

In early December 2023, the judicial control measure (implemented after the opposition's boycott of the 2020 presidential election) against Pascal Affi N'Guessan was lifted by the justice system.